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There are two kinds of roofs: flat and pitched (sloped). Most industrial, commercial and apartment buildings have flat or slightly sloping roofs. Some roofers work on both kinds; others specialize. Most flat roofs are covered with several layers of stuff. Roofers first put a layer of insulation.

Next, they install partially overlapping layers of roofing felt, a fabric saturated in bitumen, over the top. Roofers use a mop to spread hot bitumen over the surface and under another layer. Roofers repeat these steps to create the desired number of layers, called plies.





An increasing number of flat roofs are covered with a membrane of waterproof rubber or thermoplastic compounds. Roofers roll these sheets over the roof's insulation and seal the seams. The building must be of sufficient strength to maintain the ballast.

To apply shingles, roofers first lay, cut, and sew 3-foot bits of roofing felt lengthwise over the entire roof. Then, beginning from the bottom edge, they staple or nail overlapping rows of shingles to the roof.

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Finally, roofers cover exposed nailheads with roofing cement or caulking to prevent water leakage. Roofers who use tile, metal shingles or shakes follow a similar procedure. Many roofers also water-proof and damp-proof concrete and masonry walls and floors.

When damp-proofing, they usually spray a bitumen-based coating on exterior or interior surfaces. Numerous roofing materials are available... Asphalt Asphalt is the most widely used roofing material. Asphalt products contain shingles, roll-roofing, built-up roofing, and modified bitumen membranes. Asphalt shingles are the selection for residential roofing.

There are four kinds: individual shingles, laminated, interlocking, and strip. Laminated shingles consist of more than cheap way to fix a leaking roof one layer of tabs to provide thickness. Interlocking shingles are utilized to provide wind resistance. And large individual shingles arrive in rectangular and hexagonal shapes. Goods are generally utilised for flashings and underlayments, largely in residential applications.



Just mineral-surfaced can be used as a roof covering for buildings. Goods are used as flashing to seal the roof in intersections and protrusions, and also for supplying deck protection in the roof eaves and valleys.

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Built-up roofing (or even BUR) is the most popular selection of roofing used in commercial, industrial and institutional buildings. BUR is used on low-sloped and horizontal roofs also consists of numerous layers of bitumen and design sheets. Elements of a BUR platform include surfacing material, a vapor retarder, insulation, membrane, and the roof deck.

Factory surfacing, when implemented, includes aluminum, slag mineral granules or copper. The bitumen determines the membrane features and supplies primary security security, whereas the reinforcement adds durability, puncture-resistance and general system integrity. Even though some contain copper and other metals, metal Most metal roofing products consist of aluminum or steel.

Metal roofing can be obtained as seam and battentiles, shingles and shingles. Products also come in cracked roof tile various styles and colours. Metal roofs with solid sheathing control sound from rain, hail and bad weather just as well as any other roofing material. Metal roofing can also help remove ice damming.



It normally lasts two to three times more than wood and asphalt shingles, although metal roofing costs more than asphalt. Wood Wood shakes offer a natural look. Due to variations in colour, width, thickness, and cut of the wood, no two shake roofs will ever look the same.

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It can help to insulate the how to fix hole in roof attic, and it allows the home to breathe, even circulating air through the openings beneath the rows on which shingles are laid. A wood shake roofing needs repair and proper maintenance, or it will not survive as long as some other products. Rot, Mildew and pests can become an issue.

Timber shakes are unrated by flame security codes. Many utilize wipe or spray-on fire retardants that are only effective for a couple of decades and offer security. Some replacements are impregnated with flame retardant and meet national fire safety standards. Wood heaters that are installing is much more complicated with composite shingles than roofing, and the quality of the roof is dependent upon the experience of the contractor, as well as the grade of these shakes utilized.